Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

Original Article

Molecular Typing of Mycobacterium intracellulare Using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis, Mycobacteria Interspersed Repetitive-Unit-Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Typing, and Multilocus Sequence Typing: Molecular Characterization and Comparison of Each Typing Methods: Semi Jeon, Nara Lim, Seungjik Kwon, Taesun Shim, Misun Park, Bum-Joon Kim, Seonghan Kim; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2014;5(3):119-130. Published online June 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2014.04.003

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Objectives
Mycobacterium intracellulare is the major causative agent of nontuberculous mycobacteria-related pulmonary infections. The strain typing of M. intracellulare is important for the treatment and control of its infections. We compared the discrimination capacity and effective value of four different molecular typing methods.
Methods
Antibiotic susceptibility testing, hsp65 and rpoB sequencing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), mycobacteria interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MIRU-VNTR), and VNTR assay targeting 44 M. intracellulare isolates obtained from patients with pulmonary infections were performed.
Results
All the antibiotic susceptibility patterns had no association with the molecular and sequence types tested in this study; however, the molecular and sequence types were related with each other. PFGE gave best results for discriminatory capacity, followed by VNTR, MLST, and MIRU-VNTR.
Conclusion
The high discriminatory power of PFGE, VNTR, and MLST is enough for differentiating between reinfection and relapse, as well as for other molecular epidemiological usages. The MLST could be regarded as a representative classification method, because it showed the clearest relation with the sequence types.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Differential Genotyping of Mycobacterium avium Complex and Its Implications in Clinical and Environmental Epidemiology
Jeong-Ih Shin, Sung Jae Shin, Min-Kyoung Shin
Microorganisms.2020; 8(1): 98. CrossRef
A strategy based on Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) for routine genotyping of nontuberculous mycobacteria at the clinical laboratory
Sara Blanco-Conde, Carolina González-Cortés, Ramiro López-Medrano, Juan José Palacios-Gutiérrez, Cristina Diez-Tascón, Teresa Nebreda-Mayoral, María Josefa Sierra-García, Octavio Miguel Rivero-Lezcano
Molecular Biology Reports.2020; 47(5): 3397. CrossRef
Comparative Evaluation of Band-Based Genotyping Methods for Mycobacterium intracellulare and Its Application for Epidemiological Analysis
Jeong-Ih Shin, Jong-Hun Ha, Dong-Hae Lee, Jeong-Gyu Choi, Kyu-Min Kim, Seung Jun Lee, Yi Yeong Jeong, Jong Deog Lee, Myunghwan Jung, Seung-Chul Baik, Woo Kon Lee, Hyung-Lyun Kang, Min-Kyoung Shin, Jung-Wan Yoo
Microorganisms.2020; 8(9): 1315. CrossRef
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis: Past, present, and future
Lilia Lopez-Canovas, Maximo B. Martinez Benitez, Jose A. Herrera Isidron, Eduardo Flores Soto
Analytical Biochemistry.2019; 573: 17. CrossRef
Molecular typing of Mycobacterium kansasii using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and a newly designed variable-number tandem repeat analysis
Zofia Bakuła, Anna Brzostek, Paulina Borówka, Anna Żaczek, Izabela Szulc-Kiełbik, Agata Podpora, Paweł Parniewski, Dominik Strapagiel, Jarosław Dziadek, Małgorzata Proboszcz, Jacek Bielecki, Jakko van Ingen, Tomasz Jagielski
Scientific Reports.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Mycobacterium paraintracellulare sp. nov., for the genotype INT-1 of Mycobacterium intracellulare
So-Young Lee, Byoung-Jun Kim, Hong Kim, Yu-Seop Won, Che Ok Jeon, Joseph Jeong, Seon Ho Lee, Ji-Hun Lim, Seung-Heon Lee, Chang Ki Kim, Yoon-Hoh Kook, Bum-Joon Kim
International Journal of Systematic and Evolution.2016; 66(8): 3132. CrossRef
Methodological and Clinical Aspects of the Molecular Epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Other Mycobacteria
Tomasz Jagielski, Alina Minias, Jakko van Ingen, Nalin Rastogi, Anna Brzostek, Anna Żaczek, Jarosław Dziadek
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2016; 29(2): 239. CrossRef
Genetic diversity of clinical Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis and Mycobacterium intracellulare isolates causing pulmonary diseases recovered from different geographical regions
Kazuya Ichikawa, Jakko van Ingen, Won-Jung Koh, Dirk Wagner, Max Salfinger, Takayuki Inagaki, Kei-ichi Uchiya, Taku Nakagawa, Kenji Ogawa, Kiyofumi Yamada, Tetsuya Yagi
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2015; 36: 250. CrossRef

Article

Resistance to Fluoroquinolone by a Combination of Efflux and Target Site Mutations in Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Isolated in Korea: Jun-Young Kim, Se-Mi Jeon, Hyungjun Kim, Nara Lim, Mi-Sun Park, Seong-Han Kim; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012;3(4):239-244. Published online December 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2012.11.002

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) was recently reported as a major diarrheagenic pathogen in infant and adult travelers, both in developing and developed countries. EAEC strains are known to be highly resistant to antibiotics including quinolones. Therefore in this study we have determined the various mechanisms of quinolone resistance in EAEC strains isolated in Korea.
Methods
For 26 EAEC strains highly resistant to fluoroquinolone, minimal inhibitory concentrations for fluoroquinolones were determined, mutations in the quinolone target genes were identified by PCR and sequencing, the presence of transferable quinolone resistance mechanism were identified by PCR, and the contribution of the efflux pump was determined by synergy tests using a proton pump inhibitor. The expression levels of efflux pump-related genes were identified by relative quantification using real-time PCR.
Results
Apart from two, all tested isolates had common mutations on GyrA (Ser83Leu and Ser87Gly) and ParC (Ser80Gln). Isolates EACR24 and EACR39 had mutations that have not been reported previously: Ala81Pro in ParC and Arg157Gly in GyrA, respectively. Increased susceptibility of all the tested isolates to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in the presence of the pump inhibitor implies that efflux pumps contributed to the resistance against fluoroquinolones. Expression of the efflux pump-related genes, tolC, mdfA, and ydhE, were induced in isolates EACR 07, EACR 29, and EACR 33 in the presence of ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion
These results indicate that quinolone resistance of EAEC strains mainly results from the combination of mutations in the target enzyme and an increased expression of efflux pump-related genes. The mutations Ala81Pro in ParC and Arg157Gly in GyrA have not been reported previously the exact influence of these mutations should be investigated further.

Citations

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Sawsan Mohammed Kareem, Israa MS Al-kadmy, Saba S Kazaal, Alaa N Mohammed Ali, Sarah Naji Aziz, Rabab R Makharita, Abdelazeem M Algammal, Salim Al-Rejaie, Tapan Behl, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Mohamed A El-Mokhtar, Helal F Hetta
Infection and Drug Resistance.2021; Volume 14: 555. CrossRef
Fluoroquinolone-Transition Metal Complexes: A Strategy to Overcome Bacterial Resistance
Mariana Ferreira, Paula Gameiro
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Robab Azargun, Mohammad Hossein Soroush Barhaghi, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Mahin Ahangar Oskouee, Vahid Sadeghi, Mohammad Yousef Memar, Reza Ghotaslou
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Shivangi Sachdeva, Raghuvamsi V. Palur, Karpagam U. Sudhakar, Thenmalarchelvi Rathinavelan
Frontiers in Microbiology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Different Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes Responsible for Complicated, Noncomplicated, and Traveler's Diarrhea Cases
Silvia Herrera-León, María Teresa Llorente, Sergio Sánchez
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2016; 60(3): 1950. CrossRef
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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2014; 7(6): 462. CrossRef

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